Different healthcare applications have different requirements for power management solutions. In terms of power management, healthcare is a very interesting market segment. Despite the very long design cycle of healthcare products, high-level innovations continue to spur demand for healthcare electronics. These innovative products not only replace old equipment, but also use them in new markets and applications, which were not available a few years ago. This article will discuss four different areas of healthcare applications. They are home healthcare, instrumentation, patient monitoring and imaging applications.
Family health care
There are a large number of design practices in home health care. Global ageing pressures, economic growth and technological innovation have brought many new applications to the home healthcare sector. For patients, the benefits include greater flexibility, better service, and fewer visits to doctors. Although the home healthcare market has long existed, more and more advanced solutions for consumers have emerged recently. Examples of such solutions are: exercise monitors, blood pressure monitors, and heart rate monitors. In addition, portable blood analyzers and pulse oximeter systems are also entering the field of home healthcare today.
From a power management perspective, all of these systems have high levels of integration due to the necessary portability. For truly portable products, they will be battery powered, thus requiring a system with high power efficiency. In this type of application, lower power consumption extends the operating time of the device without charging or replacing the battery. Finally, cost is also a very important parameter. While the cost of a power management solution may not be a critical parameter in some other healthcare applications, it is important in home healthcare. Cost constraints have far-reaching implications for today's consumer electronics market.
Figure 1 shows a power supply chain using a lithium ion rechargeable battery system. The power architecture ensures that certain parts of the circuit can be turned off by the load switch (such as the ADP190), while another part of the circuit that supplies the real-time clock (RTC) is always on (such as the ADP160). When opening, does the ADP190 have less than 2? The ground current of A, while the ADP160 consumes only about 560nA of supply current at no load. This feature keeps the battery's permanent discharge to a minimum. The ADP2140 is a highly integrated buck switching regulator with integrated linear regulator. This power management unit saves space and costs.
Figure 1: Typical power supply chain for portable battery-powered home healthcare equipment.
Some low-cost portable healthcare systems for short-term use may be designed around non-rechargeable alkaline batteries. Using a single battery will be more advantageous in terms of weight and cost than a typical dual battery design. The challenge for a single alkaline battery system is that the battery voltage range is only 0.8 V to 1.5 V. In order to power electronic devices, a boost regulator that can handle low input voltages with high efficiency must be used. Figure 2 shows this type of application using the ADP1607 as the first step in power conversion. The circuit can generate 3.3V to meet most system requirements.
Figure 2: Powering a portable healthcare system with a single alkaline battery.
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