How does EWSD switch realize the restriction on illegal call
For a large number of invalid bills on the Internet, we can identify the calling number by calling the direct dial exchange (DID), and reject the call with the illegal or invalid calling number to protect the interests of the enterprise.
Keywords: DID; calling number identification; processor load
Article ID (ArTIcle ID): 1009-9336 (2001) 05-0060-05
CLC number: TN916.428
Document identification code (Document code): B
With the development of the Beijing Telecom network, users of large groups are increasing, and the number and scale of direct dial exchanges (DID) are increasing. These direct dial switch users are often large users with services throughout the country and abroad. Their domestic and international long-distance calls are huge. Therefore, accurately collecting this part of long-distance calls is of great significance to the benefit of the enterprise. But in fact, we have a considerable number of invalid and wrong long-distance bills every month, which not only causes huge economic losses to enterprises, but also because of the existence of wrong bills, it is easy to cause controversy over telephone fees and affect the company's image.
The reasons for these invalid and erroneous long-distance bills, in addition to the setting of individual local telephone end offices, transmission errors or post-processing errors, many of these direct dial switches users are calling due to human or technical reasons. The number was sent incorrectly. In order to prevent these errors and invalid bills, the calling number can be identified and restricted at the tandem office, or the calling number can be identified and restricted at the end office to call with the wrong calling number. Reject it and protect corporate interests.
For the above two methods for identifying and restricting the calling number, because the tandem office is responsible for the tandem of the whole network traffic, the volume of traffic handled by itself is very huge, and the calling number is identified and restricted at the tandem office , Every call in each direction needs to be identified and restricted by the calling number, which will increase the traffic processing load of the gateway. However, the user traffic of these direct dial exchanges accounts for a very small proportion of the total traffic, and the identification and restriction of the calling number by the gateway is mostly unnecessary. Moreover, due to the important position of the transit office on the Internet, from the perspective of security, the method of identifying and restricting the calling number in the transit office is also not desirable. Therefore, this article mainly discusses the method of calling number identification and restriction at the end office.
As the main type of online end office, EWSD switchboard is connected to the main office by PBX (subscriber exchange), and the signaling methods are China No. 1 (R2) and DSS1 (30B + D) . In response to these two signaling methods, the EWSD switch adopts different methods to authenticate the calling number.
For a call made by a user who accesses a direct dialing branch exchange in the 30B + D mode, first check whether the calling number of the call is in the thousand-number segment to which this PBX belongs (that is, whether it is the number in the number segment applied by this user) If it is, it is connected; if it is not, the original calling number is replaced with the default number (OPN) of the private branch exchange, and then it is connected. In this case, the cooperation of the operation department is required. When the billing center finds a bill with this default number as the calling number, it is deemed that the bill is a bill generated by the user of the private branch exchange, and the situation should be explained clearly to the user.
For small exchanges connected by China No. 1 signaling, the EWSD exchange uses a black and white list to identify and restrict the calling number. Set a blacklist or whitelist globally, and when making a call to a direct dial exchange user, if the whitelist is set, first check whether the calling number of the call is in this list (that is, whether this user applies The number in the number segment), if it is, it is connected; if not, the call is rejected. If the blacklist is set, first check whether the calling number of the call is in this list (that is, whether it is a number outside the user application number segment), if it is, the call is rejected; if it is not, it is connected . details as follows:
(1) EWSD V11
For EWSD version V11, add the function of analyzing the calling number in the incoming trunk group:
(a) By defining the calling number list (black list) that needs to restrict calls, call restriction for calling numbers is implemented.
(b) By defining the calling number list (white list) function that allows calls, the call restriction for calling numbers is implemented. The function of EWSD V11 relay whitelist can be realized by parameter ORIG1.
Define ORIG1 = m for this incoming trunk group, ORIG1 = n for some A-no (white list), and then define CODE POINT for a specific called number:
(2) EWSD V13 (A) For the case of access by relay (inter-office trunk). · Same as V11 version: Add the parameter for analyzing the calling number in the incoming trunk group: · Define black / white list: (B) For the case of access by way of PBX (user trunk and PRI users). · · Except for the Zuojiazhuang (6468) bureau, all other bureaus in Beijing Internet are V11 version, and the users of the connected direct dial small exchanges are all connected by PBX. Incoming caller's black / white list function. The blacklist for incoming call relay is currently available in V11. The function of the white list can be realized by the function of routing according to the calling number. Version V11 cannot provide the black and white list function of PBX (trunk users and PRI users). EWSD V13 version can not only provide the complete relay black / white list function, but also provide the PBX (relay user and PRI user) black and white list function. Therefore, if the online EWSD needs to use the black and white list to identify and restrict the calling number, you must upgrade the switch from V11 to V13, or change the PBX mode of the direct dial small switch to DID mode, and because the original switch is not in Following the billing function, the inter-network billing (IACHASTA) function must be enabled. However, if the inter-network charging function is adopted, the EWSD call processing capacity will be reduced by 20%. For example: as Gateway exchange EWSD (software is V11, hardware configuration CP113C + 6CAP's), its call processing capacity is 777 kBHCA. After adding the inter-network charging function, its call processing capacity is 629 kBHCA. When the inter-network charging function is not used and the following conditions are met: · Analog and ISDN subscribers with supplementary services (additional services); · CCBS (call back when busy); · Centrex (30%) (Virtual Subscriber Switch); · AMA for all answered calls. CP113C processing capacity (kBHCA): Software BAP0 / 1 + CAP0 + CAP1 + CAP2 + CAP3 + CAP4 + CAP5 V11 136 259 374 486 588 685 777 When the inter-network charging function is adopted and the following conditions are met: · Analog and ISDN subscribers with supplementary services; · CCBS (call back on busy); · Centrex (30%) (Virtual Subscriber Switch); · AMA for all answered calls (detailed billing); · InteradministraTIve Revenue AccounTIng (Internet billing). CP113C processing capacity (kBHCA): Software BAP0 / 1 + CAP0 + CAP1 + CAP2 + CAP3 + CAP4 + CAP5 V11 110 210 303 394 476 555 629 If all incoming trunks use black / white lists, the call processing capacity of the EWSD switch will be reduced by 2.5%. For example: Gateway exchange EWSD V11 CP113C + 6CAP's, its call processing capacity is 629 kBHCA After adding the black / white list, its call processing capacity is 613 kBHCA. For the above reasons, if the existing EWSD office is not upgraded, using black and white lists to restrict calling number identification and enable Internet accounting (IACHASTA), the call processing capacity of the exchange may be reduced by up to 22.5%. For this reason, the existing switch may need to increase the processing capacity of the processor and increase the number of processors. If the existing EWSD bureau is upgraded, and the black and white list is used to restrict calling number identification, without the need to enable Internet charging (IACHASTA), the call processing capacity of the exchange may be reduced by up to 2.5%, and basically no additional processor capacity is required. According to the above discussion, the two methods used have their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, according to the specific situation of the network, a comprehensive analysis should be made to select the best method to optimize our network and increase the benefits of the enterprise. The number of users in this office is large, and the number of DID users is small. The method of non-upgrading should be adopted. In this way, there are fewer relays that need to use inter-network billing. The use of inter-network billing reduces the processing capacity of the switch very little, without adding processors , Can reduce investment. For the small number of users in this office and the large number of DID users, the method of upgrading should be adopted. In this way, there are more relays that need to use inter-network billing. The use of inter-network billing greatly reduces the processing capacity of the switch. On the one hand, many new functions can be added, on the other hand, the investment of increasing the processing machine can be reduced.
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