Due to its low false alarm rate, high detection accuracy, and the absence of the need for cryogenic cooling or scanning, UV photon detection technology offers significant advantages. Its lightweight design and efficiency make it a promising solution in various fields. In military applications, such as missile guidance, target identification, and shipborne communication, UV detection holds strategic importance. Moreover, it plays a crucial role in civilian sectors, including power grid monitoring, medical imaging, maritime rescue operations, and environmental and biochemical testing.
In recent years, solid-state piezoelectric semiconductor-based UV detection technology has gradually replaced traditional vacuum photodetectors due to its compact size, long lifespan, and low power consumption. This advancement has made research on UV detection using piezoelectric materials a major focus in current scientific studies. Researchers are continuously working to enhance the sensitivity and response speed of UV detectors to meet growing demands across multiple industries.
Dr. Guo Zhen, from the Biomedical Engineering and Technology Institute at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, led a study published in *ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces*. The research explored the design of piezoelectric-based UV photodetectors by analyzing several critical factors. The findings were thoroughly discussed through detailed mechanisms (Figure 1). The team developed an ultraviolet photon detector based on ZnO piezoelectric material, integrating effective photon capture, surface plasmon resonance, piezoelectric effects, and carrier transport at the interface.
Under low-bias UV radiation at 380nm, the detector achieved a detection rate of up to 1.69×10¹â¶/1.71×10¹ⶠJones on both the front and back sides. The response time was measured in milliseconds, demonstrating fast performance. The experimental results confirmed that the ZnO-based detector can selectively detect ultraviolet photons through precise modulation of the surface interface carriers. The response signal is influenced by several factors, including the active layer, carrier diffusion length, and electric field strength (Figure 2).
This work was supported by several key funding bodies, including the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, and the Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Industrial Technology. The research highlights the potential of piezoelectric materials in advancing UV detection technology, paving the way for future innovations in both defense and civilian applications.
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