Human-Machine Interface (HMI) is a digital system that connects industrial control devices such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), inverters, DC regulators, and various instruments. It enables users to view operational parameters or input commands through a display screen using input devices like touchscreens, keyboards, or mice. As an essential component in industrial automation, HMI serves as the bridge between operators and machines, facilitating seamless interaction through both hardware and software.
Definition
An HMI is a digital device designed to allow human operators to interact with machines by displaying real-time data and enabling command input. It integrates hardware components such as a processor, display, input units, communication interfaces, and storage, along with specialized software for configuration and operation. The term "HMI" stands for Human-Machine Interface, reflecting its role in bridging the gap between humans and industrial equipment.
Product Composition and Working Principle
The HMI consists of two main parts: hardware and software. The hardware includes a central processor, which is the core of the system and determines its overall performance. Processors can vary in bit size—8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit—depending on the product’s class. The display unit shows visual information, while input units like touchscreens or keypads allow user interaction. Communication interfaces support connectivity with other devices, and data storage ensures efficient handling of project files.
On the software side, HMI systems typically include system software that runs directly on the device and configuration software used on a PC, such as JB-HMI. Users create project files using the configuration software and then download them to the HMI via a serial communication port. This process allows customization of the interface to suit specific applications.
Basic Functions and Selection Criteria
Key functions of an HMI include displaying device status through indicators, buttons, text, graphics, and trend charts; enabling data entry and printing; storing production recipes and equipment data; performing basic logic and numerical operations; and connecting to multiple industrial control devices.
When selecting an HMI, important factors include display size and resolution, color options, processor speed, input method (touchscreen or membrane keyboard), screen memory capacity (note that manufacturers may use bytes or bits), and the availability of communication ports and printing capabilities.
Product Classification
HMIs are categorized based on their input method and display size. Thin-film key input HMIs, with screen sizes under 5.7 inches, are basic models often featuring free configuration software. These are ideal for simple applications, such as the POP-HMI series.
Touchscreen-based HMIs with screen sizes ranging from 5.7 to 12.1 inches are mid-level products, also offering free configuration tools. They are suitable for more complex control tasks.
High-end HMIs, built on tablet PCs with large displays over 10.4 inches, offer advanced features, multiple communication ports, and high-performance processors. These models usually require paid configuration software and are used in sophisticated industrial environments.
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