According to foreign media reports, British researchers used cutting-edge technology to build an advanced computer model of anatomy for correcting the heart of sheep. Scientists use a 2D imaging technique to image a set of very thin heart slices and then convert them into 3D models through a computer program.
The model reconstruction also includes the complex fibrous structure of the heart tissue and the upper chamber atrium of the heart. The model also takes into account electrical activity information in different atrial regions of the heart and incorporates them into the model. This virtual heart can then be used to investigate atrial fibrillation.
Although little is known about the causes of atrial fibrillation, they found that differences in electrical activity across regions of the entire heart tissue are the key to atrial fibrillation.
The greatest difference in electrical activity is in the pulmonary veins and left atrium, which may explain why the pulmonary vein area is a common source of irregular heartbeats. Scientists have also found that cardiac fiber structure plays a large role in the development of atrial fibrillation. The radio waves conducted along the heart fibers are in various directions and are called anisotropy. Compared with the complex structure of the pulmonary vein area, the fibrous structure of the left atrium is more organized. The sudden change that occurs at the junction between the left atrium and the pulmonary vein area seems to help promote the development of atrial fibrillation.
The researchers claim that this study confirmed for the first time the independent role of electrical heterogeneity and fibrous structure in the generation and development of atrial fibrillation. In the past, it was impossible to study the role of the two separately, but through computer-built models, they found that both electrical heterogeneity and fibrous structure must be considered in the treatment of atrial fibrillation.
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