Zhang Shouyi: There is still a gap between China and foreign countries in quantum computing

Produced | Scientists said column group

Author | Netease Technology Cui Yuxian

Who is He?

Zhang Shouyi is a prodigy who skipped high school and directly entered Fudan University, starting from junior high. Under the guidance of Yang Zhenning, he was seen as a potential Nobel Prize winner. His groundbreaking work in topological insulators and the discovery of the "quantum spin Hall effect" earned him numerous prestigious awards in the physics community. He became a tenured professor at Stanford University at a young age and also founded Danhua Capital, showing his strong business acumen.

Zhang Shouyi was awarded the 2017 China International Science and Technology Cooperation Award.

Thoughtful Remarks

1. In such a vast field of science, finding a good topic requires a scientist to have a clear strategic vision, much like a sailor navigating the sea.

2. China is increasingly focusing on science, and scientists are receiving more respect. The foundation of Chinese education is strong, and the country is investing heavily in scientific equipment, which will help experimental science grow rapidly.

3. Many domestic scientific experiments tend to follow trends—doing N+1 instead of 0 to 1.

4. Quantum computing is a key area for future technological development. Zhang Shouyi's team has pioneered a new path in this field with their discovery of "Angel Particles," which could revolutionize quantum computing by achieving a 0 to 1 breakthrough.

5. A new direction they're exploring is using artificial intelligence to predict new materials, aiming to benefit humanity through scientific progress.

6. As a scientist born in China, Zhang Shouyi always wants to bridge the gap between Chinese and international science.

Note: "Angel Particles" is the name given by Professor Zhang Shouyi to the discovery of chiral Majorana Fermions. This research was published in the journal Science, and the first author, He Qinglin, named it the "Tai Chi Particle."


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After discovering "Angel Particles," Zhang Shouyi and his team continued their research. Recently, he returned to China to receive the "2017 China International Science and Technology Cooperation Award" at the Great Hall of the People and gave an interview with NetEase. During the interview, Zhang not only discussed the significance of the award but also shared the future directions of collaboration with Chinese scientists. He revealed two major research projects currently underway in his lab: one focused on quantum computing and the other on predicting new materials using artificial intelligence.

Quantum computing is considered a core driver of the next technological revolution. Tech giants like Google, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Alibaba, and Huawei are all investing heavily in R&D. The U.S. magazine "Science" once reported that tech companies have invested tens of millions in quantum computing research, each pursuing different approaches.

"In the global context, quantum computing is a highly competitive area and a strategic focal point, but we are still in the early stages of exploration," Zhang said.

Currently, qubits are very fragile. To create a truly useful qubit, researchers need ten or more qubits to correct errors. This lack of scalability is a major challenge. However, Zhang believes that "Angel Particles" could bring a 0 to 1 breakthrough to the entire field of quantum computing.

According to Zhang, "Angel Particles" enable topological quantum computing, where a qubit can operate without error, leading to a revolutionary impact on the field.

When "Angel Particles" were discovered, Zhang explained that these particles are half of normal particles. Traditional qubits are fragile, which is a critical issue. Angel Particles can split a qubit into two parts, making them less susceptible to noise. This results in extremely stable storage compared to traditional methods like electron spins or superconducting flux.

"Angel Particles" not only challenge existing concepts but also redefine the fundamental understanding of quantum units. They offer stability that can transition science into practical technology.

Zhang recently established a Topological Quantum Physics Center at Stanford and plans to set up an experimental center in China to realize theoretical assumptions on Chinese soil.

In addition to quantum computing, Zhang has also started a new direction: using AI to predict new materials. Materials have shaped human history, from the Stone Age to the Silicon Age. However, most materials were discovered accidentally. Zhang believes AI can change this by guiding experiments and discovering useful materials more efficiently.

"Once this is done, we can predict not only inorganic materials but also organic ones, even small molecules, for precision medical treatments," Zhang said excitedly.

Zhang plans to bring both research directions back to China and collaborate with local scientists. This reflects his belief in bridging Chinese and international science, driven by the growing influence of Chinese science globally.

Zhang emphasizes that science is about breaking down barriers and hopes to be a bridge between Chinese and foreign scientific communities.

This is why the country awarded him the "China International Science and Technology Cooperation Award 2017."

Beyond research, Zhang also founded Danhua Capital, aligning with China's "Double Creation" initiative to establish a successful model of "production, study, and research." The name "Danhua" symbolizes close cooperation between Stanford and China.

During the interview with NetEase, Zhang shared his thoughts on the award and the importance of strategic vision in science. He also discussed the role of China in global scientific cooperation and the need for original ideas rather than just following others.

Zhang remains confident in China's scientific future and believes that with continued investment and collaboration, Chinese science will continue to advance and reach international frontiers.

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